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為加(jia)快農(nong)田(tian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)改革(ge)(ge)步(bu)(bu)伐，河南省結合農(nong)田(tian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)設(she)(she)施(shi)產權制(zhi)度改革(ge)(ge)和創新(xin)運行管(guan)護(hu)機制(zhi)試點任務，在蘭考(kao)縣探(tan)索以(yi)政府(fu)購(gou)買服務的(de)方式，將商業保險引(yin)入農(nong)田(tian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)設(she)(she)施(shi)維(wei)修養護(hu)領(ling)域，破(po)解(jie)了以(yi)往農(nong)田(tian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)設(she)(she)施(shi)重建輕管(guan)、管(guan)護(hu)資金(jin)不到位、維(wei)修效率低等問題(ti)，逐步(bu)(bu)建立起(qi)“政府(fu)引(yin)導、農(nong)民參與(yu)、市場(chang)運作”的(de)管(guan)護(hu)長效機制(zhi)，確保農(nong)田(tian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)設(she)(she)施(shi)持續(xu)穩定(ding)高(gao)效運行。

　　一是政(zheng)府加強(qiang)引導(dao)，保(bao)障經(jing)費支(zhi)出。蘭(lan)考(kao)縣(xian)研究(jiu)制定了(le)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)利設備(bei)設施(shi)財產(chan)保(bao)險(xian)項目實施(shi)方案(an)》和《水(shui)(shui)(shui)利設備(bei)設施(shi)財產(chan)保(bao)險(xian)條款》，積極做好引導(dao)服(fu)(fu)務工作。通過財政(zheng)撥(bo)款、管護經(jing)費、水(shui)(shui)(shui)費收(shou)益多種渠道解決保(bao)險(xian)費用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)支(zhi)出問題。2016年(nian)7月，蘭(lan)考(kao)縣(xian)谷營鎮利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鄉財政(zheng)資金，支(zhi)付保(bao)險(xian)費用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)10.99萬(wan)元。蘭(lan)考(kao)縣(xian)東(dong)壩頭鄉利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)政(zheng)府購買服(fu)(fu)務預算完成保(bao)險(xian)招標。同時，利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)小(xiao)型農(nong)田(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利設施(shi)管護經(jing)費的部分資金和農(nong)田(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利工程灌溉征收(shou)的水(shui)(shui)(shui)費支(zhi)付保(bao)險(xian)費用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，不增(zeng)加農(nong)戶負擔。

　　二是(shi)創新(xin)投保(bao)(bao)(bao)模式，有效分散(san)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)。農(nong)(nong)田水(shui)利設(she)施(shi)(shi)商業保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)涉及點多(duo)面(mian)廣，是(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)新(xin)領域(yu)，蘭考縣(xian)通過創新(xin)投保(bao)(bao)(bao)模式，有效分散(san)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)。一是(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)公司(si)組(zu)團。由太平洋財險(xian)(xian)(xian)、人民財險(xian)(xian)(xian)、中原農(nong)(nong)業保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)、平安財險(xian)(xian)(xian)、華安財險(xian)(xian)(xian)5家(jia)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)公司(si)組(zu)成“保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)項目(mu)共(gong)同(tong)體(ti)(ti)”，有效分散(san)企業風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)，集中多(duo)方智慧，協(xie)作共(gong)贏。二是(shi)承保(bao)(bao)(bao)對象組(zu)團。將水(shui)源(yuan)工(gong)程(cheng)（灌(guan)(guan)溉機井、小型(xing)塘壩等）、渠(qu)系工(gong)程(cheng)（灌(guan)(guan)區末級渠(qu)系工(gong)程(cheng)及配套建筑物(wu)、田間輸水(shui)管道等）、高效節(jie)水(shui)灌(guan)(guan)溉工(gong)程(cheng)（低壓(ya)管道輸水(shui)灌(guan)(guan)溉、噴灌(guan)(guan)、微灌(guan)(guan)等設(she)施(shi)(shi)）和其他工(gong)程(cheng)（田間生產橋、承擔灌(guan)(guan)溉、排澇(lao)功(gong)能的(de)農(nong)(nong)村河道等）等各類農(nong)(nong)田水(shui)利設(she)施(shi)(shi)整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)打包投保(bao)(bao)(bao)，擴大(da)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)受益范圍，保(bao)(bao)(bao)障工(gong)程(cheng)完(wan)整(zheng)性。三是(shi)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)區域(yu)組(zu)團。以(yi)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)為單位，設(she)定區域(yu)性災害事故理(li)賠(pei)。若在(zai)一次事故中保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)標的(de)損失(shi)大(da)于或等于全鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)投保(bao)(bao)(bao)額(e)的(de)10%，即按照實(shi)際發(fa)生的(de)損失(shi)理(li)賠(pei)，提高工(gong)程(cheng)應(ying)對大(da)災大(da)難的(de)抗風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)能力。

　　三是企業積(ji)極參與，科學劃分(fen)險(xian)(xian)種。2016年7月，“保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)項目共同體”與蘭考縣人民政府簽定(ding)了《蘭考縣農(nong)(nong)(nong)田水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)設(she)(she)施保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)項目戰略合(he)作(zuo)框架協議》，通(tong)過承保(bao)(bao)(bao)商業保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)，參與到農(nong)(nong)(nong)田水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)設(she)(she)施維修(xiu)管(guan)護(hu)中來(lai)。結合(he)實(shi)際，將農(nong)(nong)(nong)田水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)設(she)(she)施保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)劃分(fen)為(wei)財(cai)產綜合(he)險(xian)(xian)、盜搶險(xian)(xian)、機損(sun)險(xian)(xian)等3個險(xian)(xian)種，分(fen)別對因自然災害造成的損(sun)壞、丟(diu)失的農(nong)(nong)(nong)田設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)設(she)(she)施、由(you)于電氣(qi)原因造成的農(nong)(nong)(nong)田水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)損(sun)壞等進行賠償，保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)費率分(fen)別為(wei)參保(bao)(bao)(bao)財(cai)產評估(gu)價值的6-9.5‰、2‰、4‰。同時，盡量降低理賠起點，除變壓器免賠率20%以外，其余出險(xian)(xian)，經第三方公共機構估(gu)損(sun)價值500元以下或10%，二者以高者為(wei)準。

　　四是激發市場(chang)(chang)活力，實現多方受(shou)(shou)益。通過商(shang)業保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)，逐(zhu)步完善農(nong)田(tian)(tian)水利(li)設(she)(she)施“毀了(le)有(you)人修(xiu)、丟(diu)了(le)有(you)人賠”的(de)(de)運行管護機制(zhi)，實現多方受(shou)(shou)益。一(yi)是政府受(shou)(shou)益。根(gen)據(ju)蘭考(kao)縣(xian)谷(gu)營鎮試點數據(ju)分析，農(nong)田(tian)(tian)水利(li)設(she)(she)施每(mei)畝(mu)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)費(fei)用(yong)僅為4.2元(yuan)，遠低于《小型農(nong)田(tian)(tian)水利(li)工程(cheng)維修(xiu)養(yang)護定額》中(zhong)每(mei)畝(mu)養(yang)護經費(fei)25元(yuan)，減少了(le)政府的(de)(de)財政負(fu)擔。二是農(nong)戶受(shou)(shou)益。2017年2月3日(ri)，蘭考(kao)縣(xian)谷(gu)營鎮第一(yi)次報損(sun)，經現場(chang)(chang)復核后，保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)公司(si)與被保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)人順利(li)達成18405元(yuan)的(de)(de)賠款協議，賠款于2月20日(ri)支付被保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)人，受(shou)(shou)損(sun)設(she)(she)施得到迅速修(xiu)復，有(you)效保(bao)(bao)障了(le)農(nong)田(tian)(tian)水利(li)工程(cheng)完整運行，充分滿足農(nong)民(min)種地(di)灌溉(gai)用(yong)水需求。三是市場(chang)(chang)受(shou)(shou)益。河南省有(you)7800萬畝(mu)有(you)效灌溉(gai)面積，如全面參(can)加農(nong)田(tian)(tian)水利(li)設(she)(she)施商(shang)業保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)，每(mei)年市場(chang)(chang)規模約(yue)3.3億元(yuan)，保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)消費(fei)市場(chang)(chang)潛力巨大。

　　在(zai)現有(you)試點取得成效的基(ji)礎上(shang)，蘭考(kao)縣將繼續深(shen)入探索實(shi)踐，不斷豐富完善(shan)險(xian)種，建立(li)和完善(shan)適應農田(tian)水(shui)利設施產(chan)權制度改革后的水(shui)利保險(xian)體系，做好宣傳(chuan)推(tui)廣應用。